Rottweiler

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Get to Know Rottweilers

  • Ancient Roman Roots: Rottweilers descend from mastiff-type dogs used by the Roman army to herd and guard cattle during their conquests. Their lineage traces back over 2,000 years!
  • Named After a German Town: The breed got its name from the town of Rottweil in Germany, where they were used as butcher’s dogs—pulling carts, herding livestock, and guarding money pouches tied around their necks
  • Working Dog Powerhouse: Rottweilers are versatile working dogs and excel in many roles including police work, search and rescue, therapy, and service dog tasks. Their strength and intelligence make them top performers.
  • Brains and Brawn: Rottweilers are not just strong—they’re highly intelligent and trainable, consistently ranking among the top 10 smartest dog breeds. They thrive with positive, consistent training and clear leadership.
  • Protective and Loyal: They’re incredibly loyal and devoted to their families. While naturally protective, a well-socialized Rottweiler is calm, confident, and great with children.

Breed History

The Rottweiler is one of the oldest herding breeds, with origins tracing back to ancient Roman times. These powerful dogs descended from mastiff-like canines used by Roman legions to drive and guard cattle across Europe. As the armies settled, particularly in the German town of Rottweil, the breed became known as the "Rottweiler Metzgerhund" or "Butcher’s Dog of Rottweil," valued for pulling carts, herding livestock, and protecting their owner’s goods. Over time, Rottweilers evolved into versatile working dogs known for their strength, loyalty, and intelligence, taking on roles in police work, guarding, and even therapy.

Personality and Behaviour

  • Protective: Their inherent guarding instincts lead them to be vigilant and protective of their loved ones and property.
  • Confident: They possess a natural self-assurance and are not easily intimidated.
  • Loyal: Rottweilers form strong bonds with their families and are known for their devotion.

Rottweiler Summary

weight iconWeight
80-135 lbs
lifespan iconLifespan
9-10 years
exercise iconExercise
High
temperament iconTemperament
Protective
Confident
Loyal
trainability iconTrainability
Easy
grooming iconGrooming
Moderate

What to ask your breeder?

It’s important to ensure your breeder conducts thorough health screenings on the two dogs that were bred for the litter. Reputable breeders should perform genetic laboratory testing and also orthopedic evaluations. There’s no way to guarantee every puppy in every litter is 100% free from health problems, but responsible breeding practices greatly reduce the risk.

Here’s a short summary of what you should be asking your breeder:

Rottweiler Health Testing

ScreeningConsiderations
Hip DysplasiaOFA Radiographic Hip Evaluation
Elbow DysplasiaOFA Radiographic Elbow Evaluation
ACVO Eye ExamEye Examination once 24 months old. Results registered with OFA
Cardiac Evaluation (note minimum age of 24 months as requested by ARC effective 8/1/16)One of the following: Standard Congenital Cardiac Exam. Results registered with OFA. Advanced Cardiac Exam Basic Cardiac Exam
Juvenile Laryngeal Paralysis & Polyneuropathy (JLPP)(Optional but recommended) DNA based test from an accepted lab.

How Much Does It Cost to Own a Rottweiler Per Year?

Determining the cost of owning a Rottweiler is essential for responsible dog ownership. Use our calculator to estimate expenses, including food, grooming, veterinary care, and more.

The Ultimate Dog Cost Calculator

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